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What does title insurance protect against?

  1. Future debts of the property owner

  2. Loss due to title defects and claims of ownership

  3. Unforeseen property value increases

  4. Environmental hazards

The correct answer is: Loss due to title defects and claims of ownership

Title insurance plays a crucial role in real estate transactions by safeguarding against loss arising from defects in the title and disputes over ownership. Such defects might include issues like liens, encumbrances, or prior claims to the property that were not disclosed during the purchase process. By acquiring title insurance, property owners and lenders are provided with financial protection if these issues arise after the purchase, potentially leading to legal battles or loss of property rights. The other choices pertain to risks that are not covered by title insurance. Future debts of the property owner can affect the owner's financial standing but are not title issues. Unforeseen property value increases relate to market conditions rather than title validity, while environmental hazards are generally addressed through different types of insurance, not title insurance specifically. Thus, title insurance serves a vital function in enhancing buyer confidence in property ownership by minimizing the risk associated with unforeseen title issues.